Their backward and insistent narrative has even taken them to resort to legal shenanigans to maintain their speech and benefit from it. There, the Rectors eventually moved into a home that was a far cry from that weather-whipped two-room cabin in which Sarah began life. Except for a short time in Missouri, she lived all of her life in Woodward and she had attended Woodward schools. Did Joe and Rose Rector move the family to Kansas City to escape the violent fate that befell too many oil-rich Natives and Freedmen? Shes Not Madeleine: Scotland Yard Refutes Julias Allegations of Being Madeleine McCann. She owned stocks, bonds, a boarding house, businesses, and a 2,000-acre piece of prime river bottomland. Aboriginal American member of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, "Remembering Sarah Rector, Creek Freedwoman", "The African-Native American Genealogy Blog", "Sarah Rector The Richest Black Girl In The World", "The Unlikely Baroness | This Land Press - Made by You and Me", "United Inner City Services Hope Murals Bring Attention to the Rector House", "Black History Month From the Archives Sarah Rector: The Richest Colored Girl in the World", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Rector&oldid=1142217379, American businesspeople in the oil industry, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 04:11. Rectors spending was legendary, and she routinely drove around town in one of her expensive vehicles. Walker, achieving that distinction as a teenager. She also owned stocks and bonds, a boarding house, a bakery and restaurant inMuskogee, Oklahoma, and 2,000 acres of land. By 1920, the Rector family was living in a beautiful brick mansion at 2000 E. 12th St. that was purchased by Mama Rose for $20,000 from Henry S. Ferguson, president of the U.S. Water & Steam Supply Company. Primarily to generate enough revenue to pay the $30 annual tax bill, in February 1911 Rectors father leased her allotment to the Devonian Oil Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She felt betrayed by her bandmate. They divorced in 1930 and Rector remarried in 1934. Sarah Rector, Kansas Citys First Black Millionairess, was known in Kansas City for her fairy tale ascension to money and fame, fine living at Rector Mansion, and reported entertaining of African American celebrities such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Joe Louis, and Jack Johnson. When the public learned how much Rector was earning, her guardianship was transferred from her parents to a white man named T.J. Porter. When the Indian territory where Rector was born became Oklahoma in 1907, the federal government granted each member of the Creek Nation a land allotment, including descendants of people enslaved by the Nation like four-year-old Sarah Rector. Around the same time, two children of Freedmen whose allotments had spouted oil were murdered by dynamite as they slept. Sarah Rector was 11 when oil was discovered on her land in Oklahoma in 1913. WebWhat happened to Daryl Hall and Sara Allen? Rectors cut was $300 each day, a considerable amount at the time. They lived in a five-room cottage and even owned a car, a rarity for Blacks at the time. Rectors notoriety ballooned just as quickly as her wealth. According to Tonya Bolden, author of Searching for Sarah Rector: The Richest Black Girl in America (Harry N. Abrams; $21.95), Rector began earning more than $300 a day in 1913. Black newspapers at the time, like the Chicago Defender in 1914, were angered by this takeover. Kerford Funeral Home. The Rector family actually lived far better than advertised. She had five siblings. The White-owned newspapers, seemingly unconstrained by facts and at times human decency, were openly racist in their coverage. Contact A record 13 feet of snow accumulated in the Serra de Tramuntana mountain range by Tuesday evening - the heaviest snow fall since 1985. Like most other dealings the government had with Indigenous Americans, it was not entirely honest. She had five siblings. The granddaughter of the LOral founder, Francoise Bettencourt Meyers was the wealthiest woman in the world as of March 2021. In late August 1913, B.B. Now, as mentioned, as Sarahs wealth kept growing, so did her fame. Sarah and her siblings were perfectly content staying in Taft and living a somewhat normal life, but that didnt seem to be the idea of those outsiders looking in. A typical cabin for Creek Freedmen on Muscogee (Creek) Nation land in Oklahoma, similar to where Sarah Rector would have been born. She wasnt sleeping on a dirt floor as had been reported, but the NAACP was more than concerned. This home-place was a stately stone house. Then, in the fall of 1913, an independent driller struck liquid gold on Sarah Rectors land, bringing the family royalties of $300 per day, about $8,000 today. [7] This was a mandatory step in the process of integration of the Indian Territory with Oklahoma Territory to form what is now the State of Oklahoma.[8][9]. The land allotments were usually rocky and unsuitable for farming, while the more arable lands were sold to white settlers. Diane Euston, a Kansas City history writer and preservationist, had seen it, too. WebWho was Sara Rector and how did she become wealthy? Each freedman was given 160 acres of land. She divorced Campbell and married restaurant owner Defeated, he sobbed all the way to Dallas on a train where he ended up in Baylor Hospital. Her maternal great-great-grandmother had been enslaved by Creek Chief Opothle Yoholo in Alabama during the first half of the 19th century, according to Tonya Bolden, author of Searching for Sarah Rector: The Richest Black Girl in America published in 2014. Sarah Rector was born in 1902 near the all-black town of Taft, located in the eastern portion of Oklahoma,[3] in what was then Indian Territory. Were from a generation where you dont spread family business, said Brown, a very fit-looking 72-year-old with a short afro seated in the lobby of the Hampton Inn in Bowie, Md. By the time they had their chance to get a hold of land for their children, the pickings were slim. Her fortune took a hit during the Great Depression, but she still owned properties in Kansas City and Oklahoma until her death from a stroke in 1967. Rector Family PhotographSarah Rector moved to Kansas City in 1917, where she finished high school and stayed for the rest of her life. . The Muskogee Cimeter, a black Oklahoma newspaper declared, It takes an awful big man to give the Negro a square deal and Muskogees judge is such a man.. WebShe recalls once during the Hotel California tour when Henley flew her in a cranberry-colored jet to the Omni in Atlanta to watch the show. [4] In 1934, she married restaurant owner William Crawford. and came with a royalty if a splash or two of oil happened to be found. You might like this: Mansa Musa I: The Richest Man In History Was An African King, Not Jeff Bezos. Her sudden wealth became the object of racist news coverage. When Sarahs popularity grew, her parents were forced to give up their guardianship status to a white man named T.J. Porter. By the time Sarah was 18, she was worth well over one million dollars. Walker did steal the base formula from Turnbo before adapting it into her own Wonderful Hair Grower. Jones struck a gusher on Sarahs land that produced 2,500 barrels a day, which gave Sarah a whopping daily income of $300. The 12-year-old was soon receiving marriage proposals from suitors as far away as Germany. Booker T. Washington even reportedly visited their home. She is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America in the Guinness Book of World Records. Were no interviews or oral histories ever conducted and recorded with Ms Rector, her parents or her siblings in their lifetime? Since he could not sell the land, Joseph Rector decided to lease it out to a Pittsburgh oil company. Thats not going to happen.. Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? Whether youre a lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered. The judge also approved money for Rector to attend the childrens school at Tuskegee Institute. B. Jones produced a gusher that brought in 2500 barrels a day. Assuming that, Sarahs acres seemed to be useless; little they everybody know, there was actually an oil field worth a fortune. With an estimated net worth of $177 billion, he is the richest person in the world. [14], Soon after moving to Kansas City, when she was 17 or 18, she married local businessman Kenneth Campbell in 1920. Taft in Muskogee County (the Creeks were known as the Muscogee) was prominent among them as home to two newspapers, a general store, a bank, a soda factory and two hotels. Ironically, this government prohibition proved to be the familys greatest blessing. Her descendants never knew. She drove a green and black Cadillac, later adding a silver-plated Lincoln and a chauffer-driven Rolls Royce. She was declared as a white person so she could fit in the socialit circles of her time. The Wichita BeaconNewspaper articles about Sarah Rector spread throughout America and were filled with the casual racism of the era. In January 1914, the newspaper wrote,Oil Made Pickaninny Rich Oklahoma Girl With $15,000 A Month gets Many Proposals Four White Men in Germany Want to Marry the Negro Child That They Might Share Her Fortune. Meanwhile, the Savannah Tribune wrote,Oil Well Produces Neat Income Negro Girls $112,000 A Year. Spain 's In response to DuBoiss inquiry, Judge Leahy wrote a letter to the famous Black intellectual with a frank accounting of spending on Rectors behalf: $54,490 in eight months. For their part, Black-owned newspapers, including the influential Chicago Defender, speculated anxiously that Rectors White guardian was taking advantage of her and shortchanging her education. At the height of her wealth, Sarah owned Rector Mansion, a large stone house on East 12th Street in Kansas City, and the entire block surrounding it. Born as the daughter of freedmen in 1902, Sarah Rector rose from humble beginnings to reportedly become the wealthiest black girl in the nation at the age of 11. How the author stumbled on Sarahs story is included in this spellbinding presentation of an early America and real-life mysteries. At $3.50 an acre, she wasnt shouting Im rich! just yet. Rector was already a millionaire by the time she had turned 18. A guardian was appointed to manage young Sarahs income, and a judge oversaw the guardian. Her issues with disputed guardianship continued in Kansas City, They said, Whatevers down there, you dont bother with it. WebStevie Nicks, Beatles, John Lennon, George Harrison, Fleetwood Mac, Bee Gees, Star Wars, X-Files, "Worthwhile" Comedy (70s, 80s & early 90s SNL, Vintage Looney Oklahoma City, OK 73154-1309, Portraits of African American businesswoman Sarah Rector | Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons. Lands given to former slaves were typically not fit for farming. I was lucky that a line of the Rectors Sarahs nieces- were willing to talk to me and share their stories. At the time, Sarah Rectors net worth was estimated to be comprised of about $750,000 in oil revenue, and she was bringing in over $100,000 per year. Who was the first richest black woman in America? Details of the life of the person: Sarah Rector was born in 1902 in Oklahoma in Indian Territory. Then check out the 10 richest people of all time. She was the owner of stocks and bonds, a boarding house, a restaurant in Oklahoma, a bakery, and around 2,000 acres of land. INFORMATION Couple Whose Gender Reveal Party Triggered A Catastrophic Forest Fire Now Face Charges, Inside The Gruesome Murder Of Mark Kilroy At The Hands Of A Satanic Cult, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Historically, racism has She threw lavish parties and entertained celebrities such as Count Basie and Duke Ellington. That equates to $7,000 $8,000 today. Sarahs acreage, divided into two parcels near the bend in the Cimarron River, did not appear to be an exception. Her and her familys net worth was estimated at 73.6 billion U.S. dollars. In March, 1912, oil driller B.B. Her guardian, T.J. Porter, was a family friend, and although rumors spread that he was mismanaging Sarahs money, an NAACP investigation proved the claims false. Du Bois to become concerned about her welfare. But will go back to this in a moment. Before her wealth and fame, A record 13 feet of snow accumulated in the Serra de Tramuntana mountain range by Tuesday evening - the heaviest snow fall since 1985. Very interesting thank you. Sarah married her first husband, Kenneth Campbell, in 1920. Yet depending on the publication, the family was either senselessly rich or persistently poor. A photo of Sarah Rector with one of her cars has been removed from the story due to questions about the cars make and model. Even as tens of thousands of Native Americans were forcibly relocated northwest to Indian Territory from 1831 to 1850 in the genocidal journey known as The Trail of Tears, the tribes largely sided with the Confederate states during the Civil War. W.E.B. That year Rector married Kenneth Campbell, and the couple had three sons, Kenneth, Jr., Leonard, and Clarence. Black Men XCEL In 1887, the state declared the Dawes Allotment Act, which established that all Creek Freedmen minors had to be granted land. In researching Sarah Rector, she decided to go directly to Brown and her three sisters who are still right there in Kansas City. BLACK ENTERPRISE is the premier business, investing, and wealth-building resource for African Americans. (Bolden said she found the disputed book cover photo in The American magazine. Most of the fancy parties that Sarah had where celebrities such as Duke Ellington would attend werent at the Rector mansion- they were at her home at 2600 Lockridge where she had purchased several homes on the block. The sensationalism that dogged Rector in her youth has continued long after her death. Du Bois, who got involved with Sarah Rectors case when he heard rumors her money was being mismanaged by a white man. An earlier version of this article incorrectly spelled the name of Muskogee County. No one took the time to teach her how to spend the money or how to invest it, Brown said. W.E.B. 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At the age of 20, she married Kansas City businessman Kenneth Campbell and the couple hosted such local royalty as Joe Louis, Duke Ellington and Count Basie in their mansion. Women of Power Summit This will help towards getting the correct info out there. Historically so. One newspaper dubbed her the richest negro in the world.. Shortly thereafter, he died and was buried in Blackjack Cemetery in Taft. Sara Allen (born March 23, 1954) is an There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Sarah Rector was buried in Taft Cemetery, Oklahoma. Muscogee Judge Leahy wrote back and confirmed that Porter received less than two percent of Sarahs total income, that the Rectors lived in a new, fully-furnished five-room cottage, and that Sarah and her sister were set to attend a boarding school run by Booker T. Washington. She married her second husband, William Crawford, and lived a relatively quiet life. Waters had been corresponding with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the United States Children's Bureau over concerns regarding the mismanagement of Rector's estate. Likely in order to escape scrutiny and not wanting to be the target of some greedy partys act, Sarahs family secretly slipped away and moved north to Kansas City by 1917. Mama Rose, as her family called her, was in charge of Sarahs money until she was able to get control at the age of 20. Alice Walton, the daughter of the Walmart founder, was ranked second with 61.8 billion U.S. dollars in net worth. She never managed to recover all that wealth, though she lived comfortably for the rest of her life until the age of 65. Shes known as the first Black female millionaire to live in Kansas City, Missouri. After learning about Sarah Rector, read about Mansa Musa, who may have been the richest person ever. More intriguing, what happened to this young African American woman who was part of the Creek [Indian] freedmen? As a result, Rectors guardianship switched from her parents to a white man named T.J. Porter. Her issues with disputed guardianship continued in Kansas City, but most stemmed from greed and not legitimate concern for her welfare. The parcel allotted to Sarah Rector was located in Glenpool, 60 miles (97km) from where she and her family lived. W.E.B. Du Bois, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and its magazine, the Crisis, became involved in Sarah Rectors case when Du Bois received a memo from James C. Waters, Jr., an attorney and agent affiliated with the NAACP, on June 18, 1914. All rights reserved 2022 Collective Culture. The land became part of the famous Cushing-Drumright Oil Field and it propelled Rector into both spotlight and scandal. If theres a lesson for others in her legacy, its in the importance of financial literacy, she said. We would like to see the house restored and have it become a historic landmark and museum, the Rector descendants told me around the kitchen table covered with photos, records and family papers. Unfortunately, Rector lost a majority of her wealth during The Great Depression and moved out of her In the late 1950s, Brown was 7 and Rector was in her late 50s when Aunt Sister would have her and her mother, Rectors youngest sister, down to her farm. [11], To help cover this expense, in February 1911, Joseph Rector leased Sarah's parcel to the Standard Oil Company. But, as we mentioned at the beginning, the hypocrisy of racism would soon make its appearance. If youre unfamiliar with the story, The Richest Black Girl in America is set in the early 1900s, and follows the true tale of Sarah Rector, an 11-year-old Black girl in Jim Crow America, who is given reparations in the form of uninhabitable land by the U.S. government. Sarah was born on October 23, 1974 in Woodward, Oklahoma to John L. and Carol (Machacek) Ferguson. We use our own and third-party cookies to personalize and improve the use and experience of our users on our website. The couple had three sons and were recognized as local royalty, driving expensive cars and entertaining elites like Joe Louis, Duke Ellington, and Count Basie at their home. Copyright 2023 Interactive One, LLC. 5 Factors Why You Should Be Selecting the Right Web Hosting Company. reset to default font size In 1902, young Sarah Rector was born into this world, the second eldest of Joe and Rose Rectors nine children. The Rector Mansion in Kansas City still stands though, and her descendants hope to buy it back from the city and turn it into a museum about her life. The ladies loved finer clothing, but being African American, they were not allowed to shop alongside white patrons in stores on Petticoat Lane. Many of the Black people who accompanied the tribes lived in slavery until 1866, after treaties with the federal government abolished the ownership of people on tribal lands. It became known as the Rector Mansion, Bolden told the New York Amsterdam News. For the first time, Brown heard the word: oil. Many Freedmen eked out a living raising corn, cotton and other common crops. Rector, with the familys signature round face, looked nothing like the girl with the more angular chin in the picture, said Brown, who first caught sight of the photo online in 2010. Pastor Imitates Jesus Christ and Tries to Fast for 40 Days; He Passed of Malnutrition, Shelley, Woolf, and Maas: Three Feminist Writers that Turned Pain into Masterpieces. Sarah Rector Campbell Crawford, or Sarah Rector (ca. She bought a big house, that became known as the Rector Mansion, and all in all, things were looking great for the Rector family. When Sarah reached legal age, a judge found her mentally sound and capable of managing her own affairs. In the internet era, she said with a sigh, it sometimes seems like a losing battle. Along with the oil, the checks began flowing, as if by magic, to the Rectors, who, illiterate and barely scraping by, knew little about managing money. By the time she turned 18, Rector was worth an estimated $1 million, or about $11 million today. Jones, got the lease to try a gusher on the land; it was an immediate success since they were able to produce 2,500 barrels per day. The adults would work in the garden farming potatoes and a rich variety of greens while Brown, her siblings and Rectors children played in the barn and the dirt and got chased by the evil geese. She recalls Rectors generosity with her time and devotion to family. 1. Who is the poorest person in the world? She had five siblings. The federal government required the appointment of financial guardians, usually White men, to manage the oil wealth of Native Americans and Freedmen. Sarah Rector was fortunate in that her guardian did not take advantage of her wealth and that the local law protected her (many other black children wound up being scammed out of their wealth or far worse). Busting the Myth Behind Moctezumas Headdress; Did It Really Belong Him? As such, they and their descendants were listed as freedmen on the Dawes Rolls, by which they were entitled to land allotments under the Treaty of 1866 made by the United States with the Five Civilized Tribes. In 1913, however, her fortunes changed when wildcat oil driller B. It has appeared on the cover of an award-winning book about Rector, on the Facebook page of the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, and elsewhere. Kansas City Rector began to receive a daily income of $300 from this strike. Later, she sounded frustrated. Each member of the Rector family received a 160-acre allotment of rocky, unproductive land deemed unsuitable for farming. Had the U.S. government known at the time what flowed beneath Sarahs rocky acres, they likely would have reconsidered. This was an irrevocable law so that Oklahoma could be integrated into US territory. At 18, Rector came fully into her wealth, free now of guardians. Rector became instantly wealthy. Her parents were African American members of the Muscogee Creek Nation. Nicks herself had an affair with Mick Fleetwood in early 1978 while he was married to Jenny Boyd. Sarah Rector was buried in Taft Cemetery, Oklahoma. SistersInc. Jones produced a gusher on the land. Du Bois, who got involved with Sarah Rectors case when he heard rumors her money was being mismanaged by a white man. Since 1970, BLACK ENTERPRISE has provided essential business information and advice to professionals, corporate executives, entrepreneurs, and decision makers. While lands granted to former slaves were usually rocky and infertile, Rectors allotment from the Creek Indian Nation was located in the middle of the Glenn Pool oil field and was initially valued at $556.50. While her fortune had diminished over time, at her death, she still held considerable investments. About [3] Rector and her family relocated to Kansas City, Missouri, and settled in a large stone American foursquare home located at 2000 East 12th Street that still stands today. By 1911, leasing land to oil-diggers presented a new opportunity for the Rectors land. At that point, she left Tuskegee and, with her entire family, moved to Kansas City, Missouri. That same year, Rector enrolled in the childrens house, a boarding school for teenagers at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. Everyone has their own agenda (even those directly concerned) so we have to take bias into account. Her parents, Joseph Rector and his wife, Rose McQueen (both born 1881) were African descendants of the Creek Nation Creek Indians before the Civil war. Worlds Richest Negro Girl inspired media ridicule, fascination, alarm, For Ovechkin in winter, a deadline sell-off makes sense this spring, Commanders cut Carson Wentz and Bobby McCain, clearing cap space, The NFL deserves every bit of its raging Daniel Snyder headache, Searching for Sarah Rector: The Richest Black Girl in America. [11] Given her wealth, in 1913, the Oklahoma Legislature made an effort to have her declared white, allowing Rector to reap the benefits of her elevated social standing, such as riding in a first-class car on the trains.[4]. Who is the richest black actor in the world? The couple had three sons before divorcing in 1930. In 1913, an independent driller, B.B. By the time she turned 18, Rector was worth an estimated $1 million, or about $11 million today. In 1922, she married Kenneth Campbell, the second African American to own an auto dealership. But it definitely isnt her.. Selena Hill is the Digital Editor at Black Enterprise and an award-winning multi-media journalist. Her final resting place in the ground was back where the story beginsin Taft, in a peaceful parcel of land known as Blackjack Cemetery. Kim Kardashian is now officially a billionaire: Forbes estimates her net worth is approximately $1 billion, up from $780 million in October 2020. Entrepreneurs Summit He also concluded that the men that wrote her were fine looking chaps.. She married him in 1906 following her first marriage to Moses McWilliams at 14 and her second to a man named John Davis. [10] John Rector's father, Benjamin McQueen, was enslaved by Reilly Grayson, who was a Creek Indian. Sarah Rector was not immune from the Great Depression, however, which cost her most of her fortune and Sarah Rectors net worth at the time of her death is a matter of debate and speculation. Another newspaper dubbed her the richest negro in the world. Her fame became widespread and she received numerous requests for loans, money gifts, and four marriage proposals. Meanwhile, Chinas state-run media portrays China as acting as a good faith peacemaker. She had been born into poverty as a member of the Muscogee Nation in Oklahoma in 1902, and received, as did every member of the Nation, a plot of undesirable land in the territory when it was made a state in 1907. The White-owned newspapers across the country heralded young Sarah as the worlds richest Negro girl and gushed about her supposed fairy-tale life, all the while suggesting she was unworthy of it. 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The money or how to spend the money or how to invest it, heard. Her legacy, its in the world her issues with disputed guardianship continued in Kansas City, Missouri were.. Rector into both spotlight and scandal had with Indigenous Americans, it was not entirely honest an there 1... Sarah a whopping daily income of $ 177 billion, he is the richest person ever like. Parents or her siblings in their lifetime she had attended Woodward schools her has! A guardian was appointed to manage young Sarahs income, and a 2,000-acre piece of river... Family to Kansas City to escape the violent fate that befell too many oil-rich and.